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nmon - Monitoração de desempenho de sistemas GNU/Linux
Colaboração: Rubens Queiroz de Almeida
Data de Publicação: 27 de maio de 2013
Quando queremos observar o desempenho de nossos sistemas GNU/Linux, o
aplicativo usado com mais frequencia é o top. Entretanto, o comando
nmon oferece uma interface mais
intuitiva e fácil de usar.
Ao analisarmos o desempenho de um sistema, precisamos levar em conta diversos componentes, como memória RAM, acesso a disco, CPUs, acesso à rede, dentre outros.
Para invocar:
% nmon
A tela inicial exibe as opções disponíveis:
 |
O uso é bastante simples, basta digitar a primeira letra do componente que
desejamos avaliar. A letra c, por exemplo, exibe informações sobre uso
de CPU, a letra d exibe informações sobre o acesso aos discos rígidos,
m exibe informações sobre memória, e assim por diante.
O mais interessante é que podemos exibir informações sobre vários componentes ao mesmo tempo. Na tela abaixo o programa nmon está exibindo informações sobre as CPUs, memória e uso de disco.
 |
A tela de ajuda do sistema pode ser invocada a qualquer momento, basta digitar
a letra h. Consultamos então a informação que buscamos e para remover
a tela de ajuda basta digitar a letra h mais uma vez.
 |
Tem mais, os dados podem ser gravados em um arquivo csv para análise posterior e captura de dados em períodos mais longos. Os dados podem ser importados em uma planilha para análise, criação de gráficos e qualquer tipo de estudo que se deseje realizar.
Para fazer a captura dos dados, podemos, por exemplo, emitir o seguinte comando:
nmon -f -s2 -c 30
A diretiva -f indica ao programa nmon que os resultados devem ser
gravados em um arquivo e para não exibir a interface gráfica. A
diretiva -s2 indica que os dados devem ser capturados a cada dois
segundos. Finalmente, a diretiva -c 30 indica que serão feitas 30
coletas de dados. Neste caso específico, o programa nmon será executado por
2 x 30 segundos (60 segundos) e então encerrará.
O arquivo gerado é bem simples, no formato texto, com os dados separados por vírgulas. A palavra no início da linha identifica o dado coletado.
NET,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0, NETPACKET,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0, JFSFILE,T0029,32.3,0.0,0.1,0.0,0.8,52.9,-nan,-nan,4.3,15.1 DISKBUSY,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 DISKREAD,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 DISKWRITE,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 DISKXFER,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 DISKBSIZE,T0029,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 ZZZZ,T0030,14:27:48,27-MAY-2013 CPU01,T0030,1.0,0.0,2.0,97.0 CPU02,T0030,4.0,4.0,0.0,92.0 CPU03,T0030,6.0,0.5,0.0,93.5 CPU04,T0030,4.0,0.5,0.0,95.5
Referências
- Install and Use nmon Tool To Monitor Linux Systems Performance
- nmon homepage
- Download nmon analyzer - versão local
- nmon analyser -- A free tool to produce AIX performance reports
- nmon performance: A free tool to analyze AIX and Linux performance
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